A Comparative Study of CNN, LSTM, BiLSTM, and GRU Architectures for Tool Wear Prediction in Milling Processes
 
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Laboratorio de Sistemas Inteligentes, EPIME, Universidad Nacional Tecnológica de Lima Sur (UNTELS), Peru
 
 
Submission date: 2023-06-13
 
 
Final revision date: 2023-10-10
 
 
Acceptance date: 2023-10-11
 
 
Online publication date: 2023-10-18
 
 
Corresponding author
Alberto M. Coronado   

Laboratorio de Sistemas Inteligentes, EPIME, Universidad Nacional Tecnológica de Lima Sur (UNTELS), Av. Bolivar S/N, sector 3 grupo 1, mz. A, sublote , 15834, Lima, Peru
 
 
Journal of Machine Engineering 2023;23(4):122-136
 
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ABSTRACT
Accurately predicting machine tool wear requires models capable of capturing complex, nonlinear interactions in multivariate time series inputs. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are well-suited to this task, owing to their memory mechanisms and capacity to construct highly complex models. In particular, LSTM, BiLSTM, and GRU architectures have shown promise in wear prediction. This study demonstrates that RNNs can automatically extract relevant information from time series data, resulting in highly precise wear models with minimal feature engineering. Notably, this approach avoids the need for excessively large window sizes of data points during model training, which would increase model complexity and processing time. Instead, this study proposes a procedure that achieves low prediction errors with window sizes as small as 100 data points. By employing Bayesian hyperparameter optimization and two preprocessing techniques (detrend and offset), RMSE errors consistently fall below 10. A key difference in this study is the use of boxplots to provide a better representation of result variability, as opposed to solely reporting the best values. The proposed approach matches more complex state-of-the-art methods and offers a powerful tool for wear prediction in engineering applications.
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ISSN:1895-7595
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